Lab Catalog

The COVID-19 NAA (Nucleic Acid Amplification) test detects genetic material from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the cause of COVID-19. It is the most sensitive method for diagnosing active COVID-19 infection.

The erm(A), erm(B), and erm(C) genes encode enzymes that modify bacterial ribosomes and confer resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B antibiotics. Detection identifies infections resistant to azithromycin, clindamycin, and similar drugs.

The cfr gene encodes a methyltransferase that confers resistance to several antibiotic classes including linezolid, an important drug for resistant gram-positive infections. Detection identifies infections that may not respond to standard treatments.

The Fractionated 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (D2+D3) test by LC/MS-MS separately measures D2 and D3 forms of vitamin D using the gold-standard mass spectrometry method. This level of detail is especially useful when monitoring vitamin D2 supplementation.

The 25-Hydroxyvitamin D test measures vitamin D levels in the blood using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS), the gold-standard method for accuracy. It evaluates overall vitamin D status and helps diagnose deficiency or excess that can affect bone health, immune function, and muscle strength.

The 25-OH Vitamin D2/D3 test measures both forms of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, providing comprehensive assessment of vitamin D status. It is particularly useful for monitoring patients on prescription vitamin D2 supplementation.

6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) by LC-MS/MS detects a metabolite unique to heroin use. Its presence definitively identifies heroin rather than other opioids.

The msr(A) gene encodes a protein that protects bacterial ribosomes from macrolide and streptogramin B antibiotics. Detection identifies organisms resistant to these antibiotic classes.

ABO and Rh Type identifies a patient's blood group (A, B, AB, or O) and Rh status (positive or negative). It is essential for transfusion safety and prenatal care.

ABO Grouping identifies a patient's blood group as A, B, AB, or O based on antigens present on red blood cells. It is one of the most fundamental tests in transfusion medicine and is essential before any blood transfusion.

ABO Grouping and Rho(D) Typing identifies blood group (A, B, AB, or O) and determines whether a patient is Rh-positive or Rh-negative. This test is essential before blood transfusions, organ transplants, and during pregnancy to prevent incompatibility reactions.

The Acetylcholine Receptor Binding Antibody test detects antibodies that target the acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions. It is the primary blood test for diagnosing myasthenia gravis.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) is produced by the pituitary gland and signals the adrenal glands to make cortisol. Measuring ACTH helps diagnose disorders of the adrenal and pituitary glands that affect cortisol production.

The Actin (Smooth Muscle) Antibody test detects autoantibodies associated with autoimmune hepatitis type 1. It is used to evaluate patients with unexplained liver disease and is part of the standard workup for autoimmune liver conditions.

The Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT or aPTT) measures how long it takes for blood to clot via the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. It is used to evaluate bleeding disorders and to monitor heparin therapy.

The Acute Hepatitis Panel is a group of blood tests that screen for the most common causes of acute viral hepatitis — hepatitis A, B, and C. It is used to evaluate patients with new or unexplained liver problems and identify the specific virus involved.

The Acute Viral Hepatitis (HAV, HBV, HCV) test detects active infection with hepatitis A, B, or C viruses. It is used to evaluate patients with symptoms of acute liver inflammation or after potential exposure to a hepatitis virus.

An Aerobic Bacterial Culture identifies bacteria growing in a sample from a normally sterile or symptomatic site. It is used to diagnose bacterial infection and determine which antibiotics will be effective.

Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein normally produced during fetal development. In adults, elevated AFP can signal certain cancers — especially liver and germ cell tumors — making it a useful tumor marker.

Albumin is the most abundant protein in the blood, made by the liver. Measuring albumin provides important information about liver function, nutritional status, and the body's ability to maintain fluid balance.

The Albumin/Creatinine Ratio measures the amount of albumin in urine relative to creatinine, providing a sensitive screen for early kidney damage. It is widely used to detect kidney disease before symptoms appear.

Alcohol Biomarkers by LC/MS-MS testing detects markers of recent or chronic alcohol use that persist longer than blood alcohol itself. These biomarkers are used in clinical and medico-legal settings to objectively assess drinking patterns.

Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that regulates sodium, potassium, and blood pressure. Measuring serum aldosterone helps diagnose disorders that affect blood pressure and electrolyte balance.

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme found in many body tissues, especially the liver, bones, and bile ducts. Measuring ALP helps detect and monitor liver disease, bile flow problems, and bone disorders.

Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes identifies which tissues are contributing to an elevated alkaline phosphatase result — most often liver, bone, intestine, or placenta. It is used to clarify the source when total ALP is high but the cause is unclear.

Alkaloids by LC-MS/MS detects naturally occurring alkaloid drugs and their metabolites using mass spectrometry. It provides specific identification of substances including opium alkaloids and related compounds.

Allergen, Milk IgE measures specific IgE antibodies to cow's milk proteins. It is used to evaluate milk allergy, particularly in children.

The Food Allergen Profile tests for IgE-mediated allergies to common food allergens. It helps diagnose food allergies and identify specific triggers.

The Pediatric Allergen Profile tests for IgE-mediated allergies to allergens most common in children. It supports diagnosis of food and environmental allergies in pediatric patients.

Allergen, Whole Egg IgE measures specific IgE antibodies to egg proteins. It is used to evaluate egg allergy, one of the most common food allergies in children.

The Food Allergy Panel tests for IgE-mediated allergic sensitization to multiple common food allergens in one test. It supports diagnosis and management of food allergies.

The Seafood and Shellfish Allergy Panel detects IgE-mediated sensitization to common seafood and shellfish allergens. It supports diagnosis of these often severe and lifelong allergies.

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT) is a protein made by the liver that helps protect the lungs from damage. Measuring A1AT is used to diagnose inherited deficiency that can cause early-onset emphysema and liver disease.

Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Tumor Marker is a blood test used to help screen for and monitor liver cancer and certain germ cell tumors. Elevated AFP in adults can signal hepatocellular carcinoma or testicular and ovarian germ cell cancers.

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), formerly called SGPT, is an enzyme found mainly in liver cells. Measuring ALT in the blood is one of the most reliable indicators of liver cell injury.

An Ambiguous Test Order notification flags an order that requires clarification before testing can proceed. It prompts the ordering provider to confirm the specific test intended, ensuring accurate care.

The Ammonia Plasma test measures ammonia levels in the blood — a waste product produced when the body breaks down proteins. Elevated ammonia can indicate liver dysfunction or inherited metabolic disorders and may be associated with confusion or altered mental status.

Amphetamine Confirmation (LabCorp MedWatch) confirms presumptive positive amphetamine screening results using definitive testing methods. It is used in workplace and forensic drug testing.

Amphetamines by LC-MS/MS detects and quantifies amphetamine-class drugs in urine using highly accurate mass spectrometry. It provides confirmation-quality identification.

Amphetamines in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects amphetamine-class drugs in saliva. Oral fluid testing offers a shorter detection window than urine and is harder to adulterate.

Amphetamines Serum or Plasma Quantitative measures amphetamine-class drugs in blood. Blood testing provides information about current exposure and is most useful in acute clinical situations.

Amylase is an enzyme produced primarily by the pancreas and salivary glands that helps break down carbohydrates. Measuring amylase in the blood helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting the pancreas, especially acute and chronic pancreatitis.

This ANA reflex panel starts with antinuclear antibody screening by indirect immunofluorescence, then automatically tests 11 specific autoantibodies if positive. It provides comprehensive autoimmune disease evaluation in one workflow.

The Anaerobic/Aerobic/Gram Stain combines culture for both oxygen-requiring and oxygen-avoiding bacteria with a Gram stain for rapid preliminary information. It is used to evaluate complex infections where multiple organisms may be involved.

The Anaerobic and Aerobic Culture identifies bacteria from a clinical specimen that grow with or without oxygen. It is used to diagnose deep tissue infections, abscesses, and bloodstream infections where mixed organisms may be present.

ANA Multiplex 3 detects three specific antinuclear antibodies simultaneously using multiplex immunoassay technology. It provides focused autoimmune disease evaluation.

The Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) Screen detects antibodies that target the body's own cell nuclei, a hallmark of many autoimmune diseases. It is one of the most common initial tests for evaluating possible autoimmune conditions.

Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) are autoantibodies associated with several types of small-vessel vasculitis. Measuring ANCA helps diagnose and monitor conditions such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis.

The ANCA Profile is a comprehensive evaluation of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, including the indirect immunofluorescence pattern and specific antibodies against MPO and PR3. It provides detailed information for diagnosing ANCA-associated vasculitis.

The Anemia Panel is a group of tests that help identify the cause of anemia. It typically includes complete blood count, iron studies, ferritin, vitamin B12, and folate to distinguish between the major causes.

The Antibody Screen detects unexpected antibodies in the blood that could cause reactions during transfusion or pregnancy. It is a key safety test before transfusion and during prenatal care.

The Anti-CCP (Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide) Antibody test detects antibodies highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis. IgG and IgA combined testing improves sensitivity for early disease.

Antidepressants (Non-Tricyclic) by LC-MS/MS detects modern antidepressant medications and their metabolites using mass spectrometry. It provides quantitative information on SSRIs, SNRIs, and atypical antidepressants.

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), also called vasopressin, regulates the body's water balance. Measuring plasma ADH helps diagnose disorders that cause excessive thirst, urination, or sodium imbalances.

Anti-DNase B Strep Antibodies test detects antibodies produced after a streptococcal infection. It is used along with ASO to diagnose recent strep infection, especially in evaluating post-streptococcal complications.

The Antigliadin IgG (Native) test detects antibodies against gliadin, a component of gluten. It is used as part of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity evaluation, particularly in patients with selective IgA deficiency.

The Anti-Nuclear Antibodies (ANA) test detects antibodies that target the body's own cell nuclei. A positive result raises the possibility of autoimmune disease such as lupus, scleroderma, or Sjögren syndrome.

The Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) test detects autoantibodies directed against components of cell nuclei. It is one of the most common first-line tests for screening autoimmune disease.

The Antinuclear Antibody Multiplex with Reflex begins with multiplex ANA testing and adds additional autoantibody testing when initial findings warrant. It streamlines evaluation of autoimmune disease.

The Antistreptolysin O (ASO) antibody test detects antibodies produced after a recent streptococcal infection. It is used to diagnose post-streptococcal complications even when the original infection is no longer apparent.

Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is the main protein component of LDL ('bad') cholesterol and other atherogenic particles. Measuring ApoB provides a refined assessment of cardiovascular risk, especially when triglycerides are high.

Aspergillus Fumigatus Antibody IgE detects allergic sensitization to the Aspergillus mold. It is used to evaluate asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).

Aspergillus Fumigatus Antibody IgG detects past or ongoing exposure to the Aspergillus mold. It is used to evaluate allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, chronic aspergillosis, and certain occupational lung diseases.

Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), formerly called SGOT, is an enzyme found in the liver, heart, muscles, and other tissues. Measuring AST helps detect liver damage and other forms of tissue injury.

The B12 and Folate test measures levels of two essential B vitamins critical for red blood cell production, nerve function, and DNA synthesis. Deficiencies can cause anemia, neurological symptoms, and other significant health problems.

Barbiturates by LC-MS/MS detects and quantifies barbiturate medications and their metabolites in urine. It provides definitive identification of specific barbiturates.

Barbiturates Confirmation by Mass Spectrometry, Urine provides definitive identification of specific barbiturate drugs after positive screening. It is used for confirmation in clinical and medico-legal applications.

The Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) is a group of eight blood tests that provide a snapshot of the body's chemical balance, kidney function, and blood sugar level. It is one of the most commonly ordered panels and screens for a wide range of metabolic conditions.

Benzodiazepine and Metabolite Confirmation (LabCorp MedWatch) definitively identifies specific benzodiazepines and their metabolites after positive screening. It is used in workplace and forensic drug testing.

Benzodiazepines by LC-MS/MS uses mass spectrometry to identify and quantify benzodiazepine drugs and their metabolites in urine. It provides confirmation-quality results, including for newer benzodiazepines often missed by immunoassays.

Benzodiazepines in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects benzodiazepine drugs in saliva. Oral fluid testing offers a shorter detection window than urine and is collected under direct observation.

Benzodiazepines, Serum or Plasma quantitatively measures benzodiazepines in blood. Blood testing reflects current drug exposure and is most useful in acute clinical settings.

The Beta Amyloid 42/40 Ratio is a blood biomarker test that can help assess the risk of brain amyloid pathology, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. It supports the evaluation of patients with cognitive symptoms.

The Beta-hCG Qualitative Serum test detects the pregnancy hormone in blood and returns a positive or negative result. It provides a definitive confirmation of pregnancy.

The Beta-hCG Quantitative Serum test measures the exact level of pregnancy hormone in the blood. The numerical result allows tracking of early pregnancy progression and identification of potential complications.

This Beta-Lactamase Resistance Gene Panel detects four major carbapenemase genes: OXA-48, blaNDM, blaVIM, and blaKPC. It identifies the most clinically important causes of carbapenem-resistant infections.

Beta Strep Group A Culture is the reference standard for diagnosing Group A streptococcal pharyngitis. It detects the bacteria responsible for strep throat and certain skin and invasive infections.

Direct (conjugated) bilirubin is the form of bilirubin that has been processed by the liver. Measuring direct bilirubin helps identify whether elevated total bilirubin is due to liver or biliary tract problems.

Total bilirubin measures all forms of bilirubin in the blood. Elevated total bilirubin causes jaundice and can indicate liver disease, bile flow problems, or accelerated red blood cell breakdown.

blaACC encodes an AmpC beta-lactamase that confers resistance to most cephalosporins. Detection identifies bacteria resistant to standard beta-lactam therapy.

blaACT encodes an AmpC beta-lactamase conferring resistance to cephalosporins. Detection guides antibiotic selection in gram-negative infections.

blaCMY and blaLAT encode AmpC beta-lactamases. CMY is the most common plasmid-mediated AmpC, conferring resistance to most cephalosporins.

blaCTX-M encodes an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) that confers resistance to most cephalosporins and penicillins. Detection identifies bacterial infections that require carbapenem or other specialized antibiotics.

blaDHA encodes an AmpC beta-lactamase that confers resistance to cephalosporins. Detection identifies bacteria resistant to standard beta-lactam therapy.

blaFOX encodes an AmpC beta-lactamase that confers resistance to cephalosporins and cephamycins. Detection identifies highly resistant infections.

blaGES and blaOXA-1 are beta-lactamase genes that confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. Detection helps characterize antibiotic resistance in gram-negative infections.

blaIMP encodes IMP-type metallo-beta-lactamase, a carbapenemase that resists nearly all beta-lactam antibiotics. Detection identifies highly resistant infections requiring specialized treatment.

blaKPC encodes Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes carbapenems and many other beta-lactam antibiotics. Detecting blaKPC identifies highly resistant Enterobacterales infections that require specialized treatment.

blaMOX encodes an AmpC beta-lactamase that confers resistance to cephalosporins. Detection identifies bacteria resistant to standard beta-lactam therapy.

blaOXA encodes the OXA family of beta-lactamases, which include narrow-spectrum, ESBL, and carbapenemase variants. Detection and identification of OXA enzymes guides antibiotic selection.

blaPER encodes an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) that confers resistance to cephalosporins. Detection identifies cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative infections.

blaSHV encodes the SHV family of beta-lactamases, which include both broad-spectrum and extended-spectrum (ESBL) variants. Detection helps characterize antibiotic resistance in gram-negative infections.

blaTEM encodes the TEM family of beta-lactamases, including broad-spectrum and extended-spectrum (ESBL) variants. Detection guides antibiotic selection in gram-negative infections.

blaVEB encodes an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) that confers resistance to cephalosporins. Detection identifies cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative infections.

blaVIM encodes Verona integron-encoded metallo-beta-lactamase, a carbapenemase that confers resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics including carbapenems. Detection identifies highly resistant infections.

A Blood Culture identifies bacteria or yeast circulating in the bloodstream. It is the gold-standard test for diagnosing bloodstream infections, including sepsis, and guides selection of appropriate antibiotics.

Blood Film for Review is a manual microscopic examination of a blood smear by a trained hematology professional. It provides detailed evaluation of cell morphology and identifies abnormalities that automated counters may miss.

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) measures the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes from urea, a waste product the kidneys remove. BUN helps evaluate kidney function and hydration status.

B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) is a hormone released by the heart when it is stretched or working harder than normal. Measuring BNP helps diagnose heart failure, assess its severity, and guide treatment decisions in patients with breathing difficulties.

Buprenorphine and Metabolite by LC-MS/MS detects buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in urine. It is used to monitor patients in medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder.

Buprenorphine Confirm, Urine definitively identifies buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine following positive screening. It is essential for clinical and medico-legal documentation of buprenorphine use.

Buprenorphine in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects buprenorphine in saliva, reflecting recent use. Oral fluid testing is collected under observation and harder to tamper with than urine.

CA 125 is a protein that can be elevated in the blood of women with ovarian cancer. While not used as a screening test in the general population, CA 125 is valuable for monitoring known ovarian cancer and evaluating pelvic masses.

The 24-Hour Urine Calcium test measures the amount of calcium excreted in urine over a full day. It is used to evaluate kidney stones, bone disorders, and disorders of calcium metabolism.

The Ionized Calcium test measures the biologically active, free calcium in the blood — the portion not bound to proteins. It is particularly valuable when albumin levels are abnormal or in critically ill patients.

Calcium is essential for healthy bones, muscle function, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. Measuring calcium in the blood helps diagnose disorders of the parathyroid, kidney, bone, and other systems.

The Campylobacter Culture identifies Campylobacter bacteria in stool, a common cause of bacterial diarrhea. It is used to diagnose Campylobacter infection and guide appropriate treatment.

Cancer Antigen 125 (CA 125) is a protein that can be elevated in patients with ovarian cancer. While not used as a screening test in the general population, CA 125 is valuable for monitoring known ovarian cancer and evaluating pelvic masses.

Cannabinoids by LC-MS/MS detects and quantifies marijuana and its primary metabolite (THC-COOH) in urine. It provides specific confirmation of cannabis use.

Cannabinoid (THC) Confirmation, Urine (LabCorp MedWatch) definitively identifies and quantifies THC metabolites following positive screening. It is used for workplace and forensic drug testing.

The Carbamazepine test measures blood levels of the anticonvulsant medication Tegretol, used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and certain types of nerve pain. Therapeutic drug monitoring ensures the dose is effective while avoiding toxicity.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker most commonly used to monitor colorectal cancer. It is also elevated in certain other cancers and in some non-cancerous conditions.

The CBC with Platelet (No Differential) test measures red blood cells, white blood cells (total count only), hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets. It provides a quick overview of blood cell health without the additional cost of a full white cell breakdown.

The Complete Blood Count (CBC) with Differential and Platelet count is one of the most commonly ordered blood tests. It evaluates red blood cells, white blood cells (broken down by type), and platelets to screen for anemia, infection, clotting problems, and many other conditions.

The CD4/CD8 Ratio Profile measures two key types of T lymphocytes and their ratio. It is widely used in HIV care and in evaluating immune system status in other conditions.

The C. difficile Toxin PCR test uses molecular technology to detect the gene that produces C. difficile toxins in stool. It is a highly sensitive method for diagnosing C. difficile infection, a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

The C. difficile Toxins A+B EIA detects toxins produced by C. difficile in stool. While less sensitive than molecular testing, it specifically identifies toxin-producing infection.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) is a protein that can be elevated in several cancers, especially colorectal cancer. It is used primarily to monitor cancer treatment and detect recurrence rather than for initial diagnosis.

blaACT and blaMIR are Class C beta-lactamase genes (AmpC enzymes) that confer resistance to most cephalosporins and beta-lactam/inhibitor combinations. Detection guides appropriate antibiotic selection in gram-negative infections.

FOX and blaACC encode AmpC beta-lactamases that confer resistance to most cephalosporins and resist common beta-lactamase inhibitors. Detection identifies infections requiring carbapenem or alternative therapies.

Ceruloplasmin is a copper-carrying protein made by the liver. Measuring ceruloplasmin is essential for diagnosing Wilson disease, a rare inherited disorder of copper metabolism.

The Chlamydia/GC Amplification test uses molecular technology to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the two most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections.

Chloride, Urine measures chloride excretion in urine. It is used to evaluate acid-base disorders, electrolyte imbalances, and certain kidney conditions.

The Chocolate/Cacao test measures specific IgE antibodies to chocolate and cacao. It is used to evaluate suspected cocoa or chocolate allergy.

Total Cholesterol measures the overall amount of cholesterol in the blood, including both 'good' (HDL) and 'bad' (LDL) cholesterol. It is a key screening test for cardiovascular disease risk.

The Cholesterol Total and HDL test measures total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in a single test. It provides a focused screening for cardiovascular disease risk.

The Citrated Platelet Count measures platelets in a citrate-anticoagulated sample. It is used when standard EDTA samples give falsely low platelet counts due to platelet clumping.

Class A Beta-Lactamase SHV (blaSHV) encodes broad-spectrum and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Detection helps characterize antibiotic resistance in gram-negative infections.

Class A Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase blaTEM detects the TEM family of beta-lactamases. Detection guides antibiotic selection in gram-negative infections.

Class A Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase CTX-M (blaCTX-M) detects the most common ESBL family worldwide. Detection identifies cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative infections.

VEB, PER, and GES are uncommon Class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases that confer resistance to cephalosporins and some other beta-lactam antibiotics. Detection guides antibiotic selection in unusual gram-negative infections.

DHA, MOX, and CMY are Class C beta-lactamase (AmpC) genes that confer resistance to most cephalosporins and beta-lactam/inhibitor combinations. Detection guides antibiotic selection in gram-negative infections.

Class D Beta-Lactamase OXA-1, OXA-2, OXA-23, OXA-51 detects multiple OXA-family beta-lactamases. Detection characterizes resistance patterns including carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter.

Clonazepam (Klonopin) is a benzodiazepine used to treat seizures and panic disorder. Measuring serum levels can help evaluate compliance, dose adequacy, and possible toxicity.

Clostridium difficile Toxin Gene, NAA uses nucleic acid amplification to detect the toxin gene of C. difficile in stool. It is a highly sensitive molecular test for diagnosing C. difficile infection.

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Measuring clozapine levels helps optimize therapy and identify potential toxicity.

The CMV Quantitative DNA PCR test measures the level of cytomegalovirus DNA in the blood. It is critical for monitoring CMV infection in transplant patients and other immunocompromised individuals.

Cocaine by LC-MS/MS detects cocaine and its primary metabolite benzoylecgonine in urine using mass spectrometry. It provides definitive confirmation of cocaine use.

Cocaine in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects cocaine and its primary metabolite in saliva. Oral fluid testing detects recent use and is collected under observation.

Coconut (F36) IgE measures specific IgE antibodies to coconut. It is used to evaluate suspected coconut allergy.

Complement Component 3 (C3) is a key protein in the immune system's complement cascade. Measuring C3 helps evaluate autoimmune disease activity, certain infections, and inherited complement deficiencies.

Complement Component 4 (C4) is a protein in the immune system's complement cascade. Measuring C4 alongside C3 helps evaluate autoimmune disease activity and certain inherited disorders.

The Complete Blood Count (CBC) with Differential is one of the most commonly ordered blood tests. It evaluates red cells, white cells broken down by type, and platelets — providing broad insight into anemia, infection, and many other conditions.

The Complete Blood Count (CBC) without Differential measures red cells, white cells (total count only), hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets. It provides a quick blood overview without the additional cost of a white cell breakdown.

The Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) is a group of 14 blood tests that provide a broad picture of metabolic health, including kidney and liver function, blood glucose, electrolytes, and protein levels. It is widely used for routine checkups and to diagnose or monitor a range of conditions.

The Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) with Estimated GFR is a 14-test panel that evaluates kidney function, liver function, electrolytes, and glucose, plus a calculated kidney filtration rate. It provides a broad picture of metabolic health in a single panel.

Copper is an essential trace mineral that plays a critical role in many enzymes, energy production, and iron metabolism. Measuring copper helps diagnose deficiency, toxicity, and Wilson disease.

The Cortisol AM test measures cortisol — the body's primary stress hormone — at its highest daily peak in the morning. It is used to evaluate adrenal gland function and stress response.

Cortisol Urinary Free by HPLC measures free cortisol in 24-hour urine using high-performance liquid chromatography. It supports the diagnosis and monitoring of Cushing syndrome.

Cortisol Urine Free by LC-MS/MS measures the free cortisol excreted in urine over 24 hours. It is one of the most reliable tests for diagnosing Cushing syndrome.

The COVID-19, Flu A+B, and RSV panel detects four common respiratory viruses in a single test. It provides efficient diagnosis when symptoms could be caused by multiple viruses.

The COVID-19, Flu A+B NAA panel detects SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A and B viruses in one molecular test. It distinguishes among the three most common causes of seasonal respiratory illness.

C-peptide is released by the pancreas alongside insulin and provides a measure of the body's own insulin production. It is used to assess pancreatic function in diabetes and to investigate hypoglycemia.

C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation in the body. Measuring CRP helps detect and monitor inflammation from infections, autoimmune diseases, and other inflammatory conditions.

The Cardiac C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) test is a highly sensitive measurement of CRP, an inflammation marker, used to assess cardiovascular disease risk. Even small elevations can indicate low-grade inflammation linked to heart attack and stroke risk.

The High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) test detects very low levels of CRP linked to cardiovascular risk. Even small elevations can indicate low-grade inflammation associated with heart attack and stroke risk.

The Quantitative C-Reactive Protein test measures CRP, a protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation. It helps detect and monitor inflammation from infections, autoimmune diseases, and other inflammatory conditions.

Creatine, 24-Hour Urine measures total creatine excretion over a full day. It provides accurate assessment of creatine metabolism for evaluation of muscle and metabolic disorders.

Creatine Kinase (CK) is an enzyme released when muscle is damaged, including heart muscle and skeletal muscle. Measuring CK helps evaluate muscle injury, statin-related muscle issues, and certain inherited muscle diseases.

Creatine Kinase MB (CK-MB) is a form of CK concentrated in heart muscle. While largely replaced by troponin for diagnosing heart attack, CK-MB still has selected uses in cardiac care.

Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes separates total CK into its specific forms — CK-MM, CK-MB, and CK-BB — identifying the tissue source of elevated CK.

Creatine Urine measures creatine in urine. It is used in evaluation of certain muscle disorders and creatine metabolism abnormalities.

Creatinine is a waste product produced by normal muscle metabolism and removed by the kidneys. Measuring serum creatinine is one of the most common ways to assess kidney function.

The Aerobic and Anaerobic Culture from a Non-Sterile Site is used for specimens from body areas that normally harbor bacteria. Special interpretation accounts for the expected presence of normal flora.

Blood Culture identifies bacteria or yeast circulating in the bloodstream. It is the gold-standard test for diagnosing bloodstream infections, including sepsis, and guides selection of effective antibiotics.

Culture of Dialysis Water tests water used in hemodialysis for bacterial contamination. It is essential for safe dialysis operation and patient protection from waterborne infections.

Stool Culture identifies bacterial pathogens that cause diarrhea, including Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, and certain strains of E. coli. It is used to diagnose bacterial gastrointestinal infections.

Throat Culture identifies bacteria causing pharyngitis, most importantly Group A Streptococcus. It is used to confirm or rule out strep throat, particularly when rapid antigen testing is negative in symptomatic patients.

Urine Culture identifies bacteria growing in a urine sample and determines which antibiotics will work against them. It is the standard test for diagnosing urinary tract infections.

Wound Culture identifies bacteria from an infected wound and determines which antibiotics will be effective. It is essential for diagnosing and managing infected wounds, abscesses, and surgical site infections.

Wound Culture, 2nd Specimen is a follow-up culture from a second wound site or a repeat specimen from the same wound. It is used to investigate persistent infection, monitor therapy, or evaluate multiple wound sites.

The Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (CCP) Antibody IgG test is a highly specific marker for rheumatoid arthritis. It supports diagnosis and predicts more severe disease.

Cystatin C is a small protein filtered by the kidneys at a relatively constant rate. Measuring cystatin C provides an alternative or complementary assessment of kidney function, particularly when creatinine-based estimates may be unreliable.

The Cystatin C with eGFR test combines cystatin C measurement with a calculated estimated glomerular filtration rate. It provides a refined measure of kidney function, especially when standard creatinine-based estimates may be unreliable.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antibodies IgG indicate past exposure to CMV. The test is used to determine immune status, screen donors, and evaluate immunocompromised patients.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antibodies Qualitative IgM detects recent or active CMV infection. IgM antibodies appear early in infection and help diagnose acute disease.

VanA and VanB genes confer resistance to vancomycin in Enterococcus species. Detection identifies vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), which are difficult to treat and important in infection control.

D-Dimer is a fragment produced when blood clots break down. Measuring D-Dimer helps rule out blood clotting disorders such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Measuring DHEA helps evaluate adrenal function, hyperandrogenism in women, and certain disorders affecting hormone production.

The Desipramine test measures serum levels of this tricyclic antidepressant. Therapeutic monitoring helps optimize dosing while avoiding toxicity.

dfrA and dfrA5 detect trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase genes. Detection identifies bacteria resistant to trimethoprim, commonly used in trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy.

DHEA Sulfate (DHEA-S) is a stable form of dehydroepiandrosterone produced almost entirely by the adrenal glands. It is the preferred test for evaluating adrenal androgen production.

The Digoxin test measures blood levels of digoxin, a medication used to treat certain heart conditions including heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Because digoxin has a narrow therapeutic window, regular monitoring helps ensure safe and effective dosing.

The Direct LDL test measures low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol — the 'bad' cholesterol — directly rather than calculated from other lipid values. It is more accurate when triglycerides are very high.

Double Stranded DNA (dsDNA) Antibody is highly specific for systemic lupus erythematosus. Measuring anti-dsDNA helps diagnose lupus and monitor disease activity, especially kidney involvement.

EBV Antibody VCA IgM detects IgM antibodies against the viral capsid antigen of Epstein-Barr virus. It is the most useful marker of acute or recent primary EBV infection.

EBV Early Antigen Antibody IgG (anti-EA IgG) supports evaluation of EBV infection stage. It typically appears during active infection and disappears with resolution.

EBV VCA/EA Antibody IgG combines testing for IgG antibodies against viral capsid antigen and early antigen. Together they help stage EBV infection.

The E. coli Shiga Toxin EIA detects Shiga toxin produced by Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), a serious cause of bloody diarrhea and a risk factor for hemolytic uremic syndrome.

This panel detects multiple autoantibodies including ENA (extractable nuclear antigens), dsDNA, anti-chromatin, anti-centromere, and others. It provides comprehensive autoimmune disease evaluation.

The Eosinophil Count measures the number of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell. Elevated eosinophils suggest allergic conditions, parasitic infections, certain autoimmune diseases, and other disorders.

The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Antibody Profile evaluates multiple antibodies against EBV to determine infection stage. It is used to diagnose mononucleosis and other EBV-related conditions.

The Epstein-Barr Virus PCR test measures EBV DNA in blood or other samples. It is used to monitor EBV reactivation in immunocompromised patients and evaluate EBV-associated diseases.

The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), also known as the Sed Rate, is a simple blood test that measures inflammation in the body. It does not identify the cause of inflammation but indicates that an inflammatory process is present.

The Erythropoietin (EPO) Assay measures the level of erythropoietin, a hormone made by the kidneys that drives red blood cell production. It helps evaluate the cause of anemia, polycythemia, and certain kidney conditions.

Estradiol is the primary form of estrogen in non-pregnant women and an important hormone in both sexes. Measuring estradiol helps evaluate fertility, menstrual irregularities, menopause, and certain hormonal disorders.

Ethanol Biomarkers Confirm, Urine confirms positive screening results for alcohol biomarkers in urine. It provides definitive identification of recent or chronic alcohol use.

The Ethanol (GC-HS FID), Oral Fluid test detects alcohol in saliva using gas chromatography with headspace and flame ionization detection. It identifies recent alcohol consumption.

The Ethanol Serum/Plasma test measures blood alcohol levels for medical purposes. It is used in clinical settings to evaluate intoxication, alcohol-related symptoms, and medical management.

The Ethyl Alcohol Screen with Confirmation, Urine combines initial screening with definitive confirmation testing for alcohol use. It is used in workplace and forensic settings requiring documented results.

F004 IgE Wheat measures specific IgE antibodies to wheat. It is used to evaluate wheat allergy and is distinct from celiac disease testing.

FANA Staining Patterns analyzes the specific pattern of fluorescent staining when antinuclear antibodies are detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Patterns provide clues to specific underlying autoimmune diseases.

Felbamate (Felbatol) Serum measures levels of this antiseizure medication. Monitoring is important because of the drug's narrow indications and potential for serious adverse effects.

Fentanyl and Metabolite by LC-MS/MS detects fentanyl and its primary metabolite norfentanyl in urine. Given the central role of fentanyl in current overdose mortality, sensitive testing is essential.

Fentanyl in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects fentanyl in saliva. Given the high potency of fentanyl and its prevalence in current overdose mortality, sensitive testing is essential.

Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the body's cells. Measuring ferritin in the blood provides the best single estimate of total iron stores and is used to diagnose iron deficiency, iron overload, and to evaluate certain inflammatory conditions.

The FibroACT Test is a blood-based assessment of liver fibrosis. It combines multiple biomarkers to evaluate the extent of liver scarring without requiring biopsy.

Folate (folic acid) is an essential B vitamin needed for red blood cell production, DNA synthesis, and healthy fetal development. Measuring folate helps diagnose deficiency and supports prenatal care.

Folate, Red Cell measures folate stored inside red blood cells, providing a more stable assessment of folate status than serum folate. It reflects folate levels over the past several months.

Folate (vitamin B9) is essential for red blood cell production, DNA synthesis, and healthy fetal development. Measuring folate helps diagnose deficiency that can cause anemia, neural tube defects, and other health problems.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is a pituitary hormone that regulates reproductive function. Measuring FSH helps evaluate fertility, menstrual disorders, menopause, and puberty problems.

Free Light Chains Quantitative Urine measures excess free light chains in urine, also called Bence Jones proteins. It is used to diagnose and monitor multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders.

Free T3 (free triiodothyronine) is the biologically active form of T3 unbound to proteins in the blood. Measuring free T3 helps evaluate hyperthyroidism and certain unusual thyroid conditions.

Free T4 (free thyroxine) is the biologically active form of T4 unbound to proteins. Measuring free T4 is essential for evaluating thyroid disorders and is widely used alongside TSH.

Free and Total PSA measures both free PSA and total PSA, allowing calculation of the percent free PSA. This ratio refines the risk of prostate cancer in patients with mildly elevated PSA.

Free Valproic Acid (Depakote) measures the biologically active, unbound fraction of valproic acid in blood. It is essential when total valproic acid levels may be misleading.

Fructosamine reflects average blood sugar over the past 2-3 weeks. It provides a shorter-term measure of glucose control than HbA1c and is useful when HbA1c may be unreliable.

The FSH and LH test measures follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone together. These pituitary hormones regulate reproductive function in both sexes.

The FSH and LH test measures two pituitary hormones — follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) — that regulate reproductive function in both sexes. Together they help evaluate fertility, menstrual disorders, puberty problems, and menopause.

FSH, Serum measures follicle-stimulating hormone, a pituitary hormone regulating reproductive function. It helps evaluate fertility, menstrual disorders, menopause, and puberty issues.

The FTI Panel calculates the Free Thyroxine Index, an estimate of free T4 derived from total T4 and a measure of thyroid hormone-binding proteins. It is used in evaluating thyroid function.

Fungus Culture/Stain combines fungal culture with direct microscopic examination. The stain provides rapid preliminary information about fungal elements while culture identifies the specific organism.

Fungus (Mycology) Culture grows and identifies fungal organisms from clinical specimens. It is used to diagnose fungal infections of the skin, nails, deep tissues, blood, or lungs.

Gabapentin Blood measures serum gabapentin levels. While gabapentin does not have a clearly established therapeutic range, level testing can be useful in select clinical situations.

Gabapentin by LC-MS/MS quantitatively measures gabapentin in serum or urine using mass spectrometry. It provides specific identification of gabapentin use or misuse.

GAD65 Antibody is a marker of autoimmune diabetes and certain neurological autoimmune conditions. It helps distinguish type 1 from type 2 diabetes and diagnose stiff-person syndrome.

GAD-65 Autoantibody is a marker of autoimmune diabetes, including type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). It also helps evaluate certain neurological autoimmune conditions.

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme used to evaluate liver and bile duct disease. It is particularly useful for confirming whether elevated alkaline phosphatase comes from a liver source and for detecting alcohol-related liver injury.

Gastrin is a hormone that stimulates stomach acid production. Measuring gastrin helps diagnose Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and certain other gastrointestinal disorders.

Genital Culture Routine identifies bacteria from the genital tract that can cause sexually transmitted infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, and other conditions. Results guide targeted antibiotic therapy.

Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme used to evaluate liver and bile duct disease. It is particularly useful for confirming whether elevated alkaline phosphatase is from a liver source and for detecting alcohol-related liver injury.

The Giardia EIA and Ova/Parasite Exam evaluates stool for Giardia and other intestinal parasites. It is used to diagnose parasitic causes of diarrhea, especially in patients with relevant exposures.

The Fasting Glucose test measures blood sugar after an overnight fast. It is a standard test for diagnosing diabetes and prediabetes, and for monitoring blood sugar control.

The Gluten Sensitivity Antibodies test evaluates multiple antibodies associated with celiac disease and gluten-related disorders. It is used to investigate symptoms that may be related to gluten consumption.

The Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Amplified test uses molecular technology to detect the two most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections. It is the most sensitive method for identifying these infections.

The Growth Hormone test measures the level of human growth hormone (GH) in the blood. It is used to evaluate disorders of growth, including pituitary deficiency and excess.

The GYN Report provides the laboratory findings from gynecologic specimens, such as cervical cytology (Pap smear). It supports women's health screening and cervical cancer prevention.

The HAIRSTAT 9 Drug Panel detects nine drug classes in hair samples. Hair testing provides a longer detection window than urine, identifying drug use over the past 90 days.

The HBsAg Screen detects hepatitis B surface antigen, the primary marker of active hepatitis B virus infection. It is the first-line test for diagnosing and screening hepatitis B.

The quantitative hCG Beta Subunit test measures the exact amount of human chorionic gonadotropin in the blood, the hormone produced during pregnancy. Precise measurement is used to confirm pregnancy, monitor early pregnancy progress, and evaluate certain medical conditions.

The qualitative hCG Beta Subunit test detects the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin in the blood and returns a positive or negative result. It is used primarily to confirm pregnancy quickly and reliably.

The Hepatitis C Antibody test screens for past or present infection with the hepatitis C virus. It is the first-line test for diagnosing hepatitis C, a major cause of chronic liver disease.

HCV RNA by PCR (Quantitative) with Reflex to Genotype measures the amount of hepatitis C virus in the blood and reflexes to genotyping when the virus is detectable.

HCV RT-PCR Quantitative measures the amount of hepatitis C virus RNA in the blood. It is used to confirm active infection and monitor response to antiviral therapy.

The HCV Viral Load measures the amount of hepatitis C virus RNA in the blood. It confirms active infection and is used to monitor response to antiviral therapy.

The Heavy Metals Profile I, Blood tests for exposure to toxic heavy metals including lead, mercury, and arsenic. It is used to evaluate suspected heavy metal exposure or toxicity.

Helicobacter pylori Antibody IgG detects exposure to H. pylori, a common bacterium that can cause gastritis, peptic ulcers, and increase the risk of stomach cancer.

Hematocrit measures the percentage of red blood cells in the blood. It is a key marker for diagnosing anemia and polycythemia and is included in standard blood counts.

Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Measuring hemoglobin levels is essential for diagnosing anemia, polycythemia, and many other blood-related conditions.

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reflects average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months by measuring the percentage of hemoglobin coated with glucose. It is the standard test for diagnosing diabetes and monitoring long-term glucose control.

Hemoglobin A2 is a minor form of normal adult hemoglobin. Measuring HbA2 is essential for diagnosing beta thalassemia trait and other hemoglobinopathies.

The Hep A Ab, IgM test detects IgM antibodies to hepatitis A virus, indicating acute or recent infection. It is the primary blood test for diagnosing new HAV infection.

The Hepatic Function Panel is a group of blood tests that evaluate how well the liver is working. It measures liver enzymes, proteins, and bilirubin to detect liver disease, monitor existing conditions, and assess medication-related liver effects.

Hepatitis A Antibody IgM detects acute or recent hepatitis A virus infection. It is the primary blood test for diagnosing new HAV infection.

Hepatitis B Core Antibody IgM (anti-HBc IgM) detects recent or acute hepatitis B virus infection. It is a key marker in distinguishing acute from chronic hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B Core Antibody Total (anti-HBc total) detects both IgM and IgG antibodies against the hepatitis B core antigen. It indicates current or past hepatitis B infection.

Hepatitis Be Antibody (anti-HBe) helps stage chronic hepatitis B infection. It typically appears as the immune system gains control of viral replication.

The Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Qualitative test detects whether immunity to hepatitis B is present. It is most often used to confirm response to vaccination.

The Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Quantitative test measures the level of protective antibodies against hepatitis B. It is used to document immunity and guide booster vaccination decisions.

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) detects active hepatitis B virus infection. It is the primary screening test for hepatitis B and is used to diagnose new infections and identify chronic carriers.

The Hepatitis C Genotype test identifies the specific strain of hepatitis C virus. Knowing the genotype guides selection of antiviral therapy and predicts treatment response.

The Hepatitis C (HCV) Antibody test screens for past or present infection with the hepatitis C virus. It is the standard first-line test for diagnosing hepatitis C.

Hepatitis C Virus Antibody with Reflex to Quantitative Real-Time PCR is a streamlined testing strategy that starts with HCV antibody screening and automatically adds PCR confirmation if the antibody is positive.

Hepatitis C Virus Quantitative RNA PCR with Genotype measures viral load and identifies the specific hepatitis C strain. It provides the comprehensive information needed before starting antiviral therapy.

The Hep B Core Ab, IgM test detects acute or recent hepatitis B virus infection. It is a key marker for distinguishing acute from chronic hepatitis B.

The Hep B Core Ab Total test detects total antibodies (IgM and IgG) against hepatitis B core antigen. It indicates current or past hepatitis B infection.

The Hep B Surface Ab Qualitative test confirms hepatitis B immunity from vaccination or resolved infection. It returns a positive or negative result indicating immune status.

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1/HSV-2) Subtype Antibody IgG distinguishes between HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections. Type-specific testing is important because the viruses differ in transmission patterns and clinical course.

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-2) Antibody IgG specifically detects past HSV-2 infection. It is most useful for diagnosing genital herpes when active lesions are not present.

Hemoglobin A1c with Mean Blood Glucose (MBG) Estimation reports HbA1c along with an estimated average blood glucose value. The estimated glucose helps patients understand their long-term glucose control in familiar units.

The Histoplasma Galactomannan Antigen, Urine test detects antigens from Histoplasma capsulatum, the fungus causing histoplasmosis. It is one of the most sensitive tests for acute and disseminated histoplasmosis.

The HIV-1/0/2 Antigen/Antibody Fourth-Generation test detects HIV antibodies and HIV-1 p24 antigen, enabling earlier diagnosis than antibody-only tests. It is the recommended initial HIV screening test.

The HIV 1/2 Antibody test screens for infection with HIV-1 and HIV-2, the viruses that cause AIDS. Early detection allows for prompt treatment, which improves outcomes and prevents transmission.

Homocysteine is an amino acid that, when elevated, has been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other conditions. Measuring homocysteine can help refine cardiovascular risk assessment and identify nutritional deficiencies.

The H. pylori Stool Antigen test detects active H. pylori infection by identifying bacterial proteins in stool. It is one of the most accurate noninvasive tests for current infection.

HSV 1 and 2 IgG Antibodies detect past infection with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. The test confirms previous HSV exposure and supports clinical evaluation of recurrent symptoms.

IA-2 Autoantibodies target a protein in pancreatic beta cells and are characteristic of type 1 diabetes. They help confirm autoimmune diabetes and assess risk in family members.

An Identity Discrepancy notification flags inconsistencies between patient information on the sample, requisition, and order. Resolving these discrepancies is essential for patient safety and accurate results.

The IFE + Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine combines protein electrophoresis with immunofixation on a 24-hour urine sample. It is used to detect and characterize urinary monoclonal proteins, particularly Bence Jones proteins.

Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) reflects the activity of growth hormone in the body. Measuring IGF-1 is one of the most useful tests for evaluating growth hormone disorders in both children and adults.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 (IGF-BP3) is the main carrier protein for IGF-1 in blood. Measuring IGF-BP3 helps evaluate growth hormone disorders.

Immature Cells reports the presence of immature white blood cells in the peripheral blood, an abnormal finding that requires further evaluation. It is detected during manual blood smear review.

Immunoassay Screening with Reflex to LC-MS/MS combines initial drug screening with definitive confirmation testing. Positive immunoassay screens are automatically confirmed by mass spectrometry.

Immunofixation (IFE), 24-Hour Urine identifies and characterizes monoclonal proteins in 24-hour urine. It is essential for diagnosing and monitoring multiple myeloma and AL amyloidosis.

This comprehensive panel combines serum immunofixation, protein electrophoresis, quantitative free light chains, and the kappa/lambda ratio. It provides complete evaluation of monoclonal gammopathies in one workflow.

Immunofixation (IFE), Random Urine identifies monoclonal proteins in a random urine sample. It provides initial qualitative screening for light chain disorders.

Immunofixation Serum (IFE) identifies and characterizes monoclonal proteins detected on serum protein electrophoresis. It is essential for diagnosing multiple myeloma and other gammopathies.

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a key antibody that protects mucosal surfaces such as the gut, respiratory tract, and reproductive tract. Measuring IgA helps evaluate immune system disorders and selective IgA deficiency.

Immunoglobulin D Quantitative Serum measures IgD levels in the blood. While not commonly tested, IgD measurement can be useful in certain rare immune disorders.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is the antibody primarily involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasites. Measuring total IgE helps evaluate allergic disease, parasitic infection, and certain immune conditions.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most abundant antibody in the bloodstream, providing long-term immunity against many pathogens. Measuring IgG helps evaluate immunodeficiency, chronic infection, and certain blood and autoimmune disorders.

Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the first antibody type produced during a new infection. Measuring IgM helps evaluate acute infections, immunodeficiency, and certain blood disorders.

The Immunoglobulins A/E/G/M panel measures all four major immunoglobulin classes in serum. It provides a comprehensive evaluation of antibody production and immune system function.

The Influenza A and B Antigen EIA rapidly detects influenza viruses by identifying viral proteins in respiratory samples. It supports prompt diagnosis and treatment of flu.

Insulin is the hormone the pancreas releases to control blood sugar. Measuring insulin helps evaluate insulin resistance, hypoglycemia, and certain pancreatic conditions, especially when interpreted alongside glucose.

Insulin and C-Peptide, Serum measures both insulin and C-peptide together. Because both are produced by the pancreas in equal amounts, this combination distinguishes endogenous insulin production from injected insulin.

The Fasting Insulin test measures the level of insulin in the blood after an overnight fast. It helps evaluate insulin resistance, hypoglycemia, and certain pancreatic conditions, and is often used alongside fasting glucose.

Intrinsic Factor Antibody detects autoantibodies against intrinsic factor, a protein needed to absorb vitamin B12. The test helps diagnose pernicious anemia, a major cause of B12 deficiency.

Iodine, Serum or Plasma measures iodine levels, an essential mineral needed for thyroid hormone production. The test evaluates iodine deficiency, excess, and exposure.

The Iron test measures the amount of iron circulating in the blood. It is used as part of evaluating iron deficiency, iron overload, and certain types of anemia.

The Iron and TIBC test measures the amount of iron in the blood along with the Total Iron-Binding Capacity, which reflects how much iron the blood can carry. Together they help diagnose iron deficiency, iron overload, and certain types of anemia.

Iron and Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) measures iron along with the total binding capacity of transferrin. Together they evaluate iron status and help distinguish causes of anemia.

The Serum Iron test measures the amount of iron circulating in the blood. It is used as part of evaluating iron deficiency, iron overload, and certain types of anemia.

Kappa/Lambda Light Chains Serum measures the free kappa and lambda light chains in blood, along with their ratio. It is critical for diagnosing and monitoring light chain disorders, including multiple myeloma and amyloidosis.

Ketamine and Metabolite by LC-MS/MS detects ketamine and its primary metabolite norketamine. It is used in pain management, anesthesia monitoring, and toxicology.

Lacosamide is an antiseizure medication used to treat partial-onset seizures. Therapeutic drug monitoring can be useful in selected clinical situations.

Lacosamide-SRL is a therapeutic drug monitoring test for lacosamide, an antiseizure medication used to treat partial-onset seizures. The test supports dose optimization in selected patients.

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LD or LDH) is an enzyme found in many tissues throughout the body. Elevated LD levels indicate cell or tissue damage from a variety of causes, making it a useful but non-specific marker.

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LD) Isoenzymes separates total LD into five isoenzyme forms produced by different tissues. It identifies the source of elevated LD when the cause is unclear.

Lactic Acid Plasma measures lactate in blood. Elevated lactate is a critical marker of tissue hypoxia, sepsis, shock, and metabolic disorders.

Lactic Acid, Plasma quantitatively measures blood lactate, a marker of tissue hypoxia and metabolic stress. It is essential in critical care and sepsis evaluation.

The Lamotrigine (Lamictal) test measures serum levels of this anticonvulsant medication, used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. Monitoring helps maintain effective treatment and reduces the risk of side effects.

Lamotrigine-SRL is a therapeutic drug monitoring test for lamotrigine, an anticonvulsant used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. The test supports dose optimization in selected clinical situations.

The Levetiracetam (Keppra) test measures serum levels of this widely used anti-seizure medication. While Keppra has a relatively wide therapeutic range, monitoring can be useful in specific clinical situations.

Lipase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas to help digest fats. Measuring lipase in the blood is the most specific test for diagnosing acute pancreatitis and evaluating other pancreatic disorders.

The Lipid Panel measures the fats in the blood — total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides — to assess cardiovascular disease risk. It is one of the most common tests used in preventive health screening.

The Lipid Panel with LDL/HDL Ratio includes the standard lipid measurements plus the calculated ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol. The ratio provides additional cardiovascular risk information.

The Lipid with Reflex to Direct LDL test performs a standard lipid panel, then automatically adds direct LDL measurement when standard calculation would be unreliable. It ensures accurate LDL values in all patients.

Lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), is a genetically determined lipoprotein particle that is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Measuring Lp(a) helps refine cardiovascular risk assessment.

The Lithium test measures serum levels of lithium, a mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar disorder. Because lithium has a very narrow therapeutic window, regular blood level monitoring is essential for safety and effectiveness.

The Liver Fibrosis Risk Profile combines liver function tests, complete blood count, and calculated FIB-4 and APRI scores to assess liver fibrosis risk non-invasively.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is a pituitary hormone essential for reproductive function in both sexes. Measuring LH helps evaluate fertility, ovulation, menstrual irregularities, and testosterone production.

The Lyme Western Blot, Serum is the confirmatory test for Lyme disease following a positive screening antibody test. It identifies specific antibody bands characteristic of Borrelia burgdorferi infection.

The Macrolide Resistance Genes ere(B), mef(A), and mph(A) test detects multiple mechanisms of bacterial resistance to macrolide antibiotics. Detection guides antibiotic selection for resistant infections.

Magnesium, RBC measures magnesium inside red blood cells, providing a more accurate assessment of total body magnesium than serum testing. It is useful for detecting magnesium deficiency that serum tests may miss.

The Magnesium test measures the level of magnesium in the blood, an essential mineral involved in muscle function, nerve transmission, heart rhythm, and bone health. Both low and high magnesium can cause serious symptoms.

Magnesium, Urine measures magnesium excretion in urine. It helps evaluate the cause of low blood magnesium and assess kidney handling of magnesium.

Marijuana (THC) Confirm, Oral Fluid confirms presumptive positive cannabis screening on oral fluid samples. It definitively identifies recent THC use.

MDMA in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects MDMA (Ecstasy) and related compounds in saliva. Oral fluid testing reflects recent use under direct observation.

The mecA gene encodes a modified penicillin-binding protein that confers resistance to methicillin and most beta-lactam antibiotics in Staphylococcus species. Detecting mecA identifies methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other resistant staph.

Plasma Free Metanephrines (Fractionated) measures metabolites of epinephrine and norepinephrine. It is the most sensitive test for diagnosing pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, rare catecholamine-secreting tumors.

Methadone and Metabolite by LC-MS/MS detects methadone and its primary metabolite EDDP. It is used to monitor compliance with methadone maintenance treatment for opioid use disorder.

Methadone in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects methadone in saliva, reflecting recent use. Oral fluid testing is collected under direct observation.

Methylenedioxyamphetamines by LC-MS/MS detects MDMA, MDA, and MDEA in urine. These amphetamine-class drugs are commonly used recreationally and have significant abuse potential.

Methylmalonic Acid (MMA) is a sensitive marker of functional vitamin B12 deficiency. It is particularly useful when B12 levels are borderline or when deficiency is clinically suspected despite normal B12.

Methylphenidate by LC-MS/MS detects methylphenidate, a prescription stimulant commonly used to treat ADHD. The test helps monitor compliance with prescribed therapy or evaluate suspected misuse.

The Microalbumin/Creatinine Ratio on a random urine sample detects small amounts of albumin in the urine, an early sign of kidney damage. It is the standard screening test for kidney disease in patients with diabetes or hypertension.

Microalbumin 24-Hour Urine measures total albumin excretion over a full day. It is the most accurate quantitative assessment of urinary albumin loss.

Microalbumin Random Urine detects small amounts of albumin in urine, an early sign of kidney damage. It is widely used to screen for kidney disease in patients with diabetes or hypertension.

Microalbumin Timed Urine measures urinary albumin excretion over a defined collection period. It provides accurate assessment of albumin loss without requiring a full 24-hour collection.

Microscopic Examination involves direct visualization of cells, organisms, or structures from clinical specimens under a microscope. It provides rapid diagnostic information across many laboratory disciplines.

Mitochondrial (M2) Antibody is highly specific for primary biliary cholangitis (formerly primary biliary cirrhosis). It is the primary serologic test for diagnosing this chronic autoimmune liver disease.

Mitragynine (Kratom) and Metabolite by LC-MS/MS detects kratom and its metabolite 7-hydroxymitragynine. Kratom is a plant-based substance with opioid-like effects and growing prevalence.

The MTHFR test detects variants in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, which affect folate metabolism. The test has limited clinical utility in most cases but is sometimes used in specific situations.

Muscle Relaxants by LC-MS/MS detects medications commonly prescribed as muscle relaxants. It is used in pain management monitoring and forensic testing.

Muscle Relaxants Confirm, Urine provides definitive confirmation of muscle relaxant medications following positive screening. It is used for clinical and medico-legal documentation.

The MuSK Antibody (Serum) test detects autoantibodies against muscle-specific kinase, a marker of a specific form of myasthenia gravis that lacks acetylcholine receptor antibodies.

The Mycoplasma Pneumoniae IgG/IgM Antibody test detects antibodies against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a common cause of atypical pneumonia and respiratory infection.

The MyoMarker 3 Plus Profile detects autoantibodies associated with inflammatory myopathies including polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and antisynthetase syndrome. It supports diagnosis and prognosis.

Nonbenzodiazepine Hypnotics by LC-MS/MS detects sleep medications such as zolpidem, eszopiclone, and zaleplon. It is used in pain management monitoring and forensic toxicology.

Norovirus RT-PCR detects norovirus, a leading cause of viral gastroenteritis. It supports rapid diagnosis during outbreaks and in severely ill patients.

The NTI Fecal Transport (PP Orange) provides transport of fecal specimens for further laboratory testing. The specialized container preserves specimens for accurate downstream analysis.

N-terminal pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) is a hormone fragment released by the heart under strain. Measuring NT-proBNP helps diagnose and monitor heart failure and assess cardiac risk.

The NuSwab Vaginitis (VG) test uses molecular methods to detect the most common causes of vaginitis — bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis (yeast), and trichomoniasis — in a single sample.

The Fecal Immunoassay for Occult Blood (FIT) detects hidden blood in stool, which can be an early sign of colon cancer or other gastrointestinal bleeding sources. It is widely used for colorectal cancer screening.

Opiates by LC-MS/MS uses highly accurate mass spectrometry to detect and quantify opiate drugs and their metabolites in urine. It provides confirmation-quality results for clinical and medico-legal applications.

Opiates Confirm, Oral Fluid provides definitive identification of opiate drugs in saliva following positive screening. It supports clinical and medico-legal documentation.

Opiates in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects opiate drugs in saliva. Oral fluid testing detects recent use under directly observed collection.

Opioid Antagonists by LC-MS/MS detects medications that block opioid receptors — including naltrexone and naloxone — used in addiction treatment and overdose reversal.

Opioids/Opiate Analogs by LC-MS/MS detects synthetic opioids and opiate analogs in urine. The test identifies a broad range of opioid compounds not detected by routine opiate screens.

Osmolality, Random Urine measures the concentration of solutes in urine. It helps evaluate the kidneys' ability to concentrate urine, fluid balance disorders, and certain hormonal conditions.

Osteocalcin is a protein produced by bone-forming cells (osteoblasts). Measuring osteocalcin helps evaluate bone formation and turnover in osteoporosis and other bone disorders.

The Ova and Parasite Exam (O&P) uses microscopic analysis of stool to detect intestinal parasites. It is used to diagnose parasitic causes of diarrhea and other intestinal symptoms.

The Oxcarbazepine Metabolite test measures the active metabolite (MHD) of oxcarbazepine, which is responsible for the drug's antiseizure effects. Monitoring helps optimize therapy.

The Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal) test measures the level of this anticonvulsant medication and its active metabolite in the blood. Monitoring can be useful in adjusting therapy, evaluating side effects, and managing specific patient situations.

Oxycodone and Metabolites by LC-MS/MS detects oxycodone and its metabolites including oxymorphone. It supports pain management compliance monitoring and detection of misuse.

Oxycodone in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects oxycodone in saliva. Oral fluid testing reflects recent use and is collected under direct observation.

Oxycodone/Oxymorphone Confirmation, Oral Fluid definitively identifies oxycodone and oxymorphone in saliva following positive screening. It is used in pain management and forensic testing.

Fecal Pancreatic Elastase measures elastase enzyme in stool, an indicator of pancreatic exocrine function. Low levels suggest pancreatic insufficiency.

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) regulates calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. Measuring PTH is essential for diagnosing parathyroid disorders and evaluating abnormalities of calcium metabolism.

Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide (PTHrP) by LC-MS/MS detects PTHrP, a hormone-like protein produced by certain cancers that causes hypercalcemia of malignancy.

PBP2a Family (mecA and mecC) testing detects the genes responsible for methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and related species. Detection identifies MRSA and similar resistant organisms.

PCP in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects phencyclidine in saliva. Oral fluid testing reflects recent PCP use under directly observed collection.

The Protein Electrophoresis with Interpretation, Reflex IFE and FLC, Serum combines protein electrophoresis with automatic reflex testing for monoclonal gammopathies. It is the comprehensive workflow for evaluating possible plasma cell disorders.

Phencyclidine (PCP) by LC-MS/MS detects PCP in urine. LC-MS/MS testing provides definitive identification following positive screening.

The Phenobarbital test measures serum levels of this long-acting barbiturate anticonvulsant. Therapeutic monitoring helps ensure effective seizure control while minimizing side effects.

The Phenytoin (Dilantin) test measures serum levels of this long-established anticonvulsant. Because phenytoin has unusual pharmacokinetics and a narrow therapeutic range, regular monitoring is essential for safe and effective use.

Phenytoin Free measures the unbound, biologically active fraction of phenytoin in the blood. It is essential when total phenytoin levels may not accurately reflect drug activity.

Phospholipase A2 Receptor (PLA2R) Antibody is highly specific for primary membranous nephropathy, a kidney disease causing nephrotic syndrome. The test supports diagnosis and monitoring.

Phosphorus Random Urine measures phosphorus excretion in a random urine sample. It helps evaluate disorders of phosphorus metabolism, kidney function, and parathyroid disorders.

Phosphorus is an essential mineral involved in bone health, energy metabolism, and many cellular functions. Measuring serum phosphorus helps evaluate kidney disease, bone disorders, and parathyroid function.

Potassium Random Urine measures urinary potassium excretion. It helps determine whether low blood potassium results from gastrointestinal losses, kidney losses, or other causes.

Potassium is an essential electrolyte that helps maintain heart rhythm, muscle function, and nerve signaling. Abnormal potassium levels can be life-threatening, making this one of the most clinically important blood tests.

Prealbumin (transthyretin) is a protein made by the liver that serves as a sensitive marker of recent nutritional status. Because of its short half-life, it responds more quickly than albumin to changes in nutrition.

Pregabalin by LC-MS/MS detects pregabalin (Lyrica) with high specificity. It supports monitoring of prescribed use and detection of misuse.

Pregabalin, Urine detects pregabalin in urine for monitoring of prescribed use or detection of misuse. The test is used in pain management and forensic settings.

The Qualitative Urine Pregnancy test detects human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in urine, providing a quick yes-or-no answer about pregnancy. It is the most common and convenient pregnancy test.

Pregnenolone is a precursor hormone in the production of cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones. Measuring pregnenolone helps evaluate certain inherited adrenal enzyme deficiencies.

The Presumptive Screen by EIA and LC-MS - 12 Panel is a broad initial drug screen testing for twelve common drug classes. Positive results are typically confirmed by LC-MS/MS.

Primidone (Mysoline) is an anticonvulsant metabolized partly to phenobarbital. Measuring primidone helps optimize seizure control while limiting side effects.

ProBrain Natriuretic Peptide (proBNP or NT-proBNP) is a hormone fragment released by the heart under stress. Measuring it helps diagnose and monitor heart failure.

Procalcitonin is a marker that rises significantly with bacterial infection but typically not with viral infection or non-infectious inflammation. Measuring procalcitonin helps distinguish bacterial from non-bacterial causes of illness and guide antibiotic decisions.

Progesterone is a hormone produced primarily by the ovaries after ovulation and by the placenta during pregnancy. Measuring progesterone helps evaluate ovulation, fertility, early pregnancy viability, and certain hormonal disorders.

Prolactin is a pituitary hormone primarily known for its role in breast milk production. Measuring prolactin helps evaluate fertility, menstrual disorders, sexual dysfunction, and certain pituitary problems.

Propoxyphene and Metabolite by LC-MS/MS detects propoxyphene and its metabolite norpropoxyphene. Although propoxyphene was withdrawn from the U.S. market, testing remains relevant in selected cases.

Prostate-Specific Ag, Serum measures total PSA in serum. It is used for prostate cancer screening and monitoring known prostate disease.

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by the prostate gland. Measuring PSA in the blood is the most widely used screening test for prostate cancer and is also used to monitor men with known prostate disease.

Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening (PSA, Total) is the standard blood test for prostate cancer screening. It supports early detection in eligible men.

Protein, 24-Hour Urine measures total protein excretion over a full day. It provides accurate quantification of proteinuria for evaluation of kidney disease.

Protein and Creatinine, Random Urine measures protein and creatinine in a random urine sample, allowing calculation of the protein/creatinine ratio. It provides accurate quantification of proteinuria without 24-hour collection.

The Protein/Creatinine Ratio, Random Urine estimates 24-hour protein excretion from a single random urine sample. It is a convenient alternative to 24-hour urine collection.

Protein Electrophoresis Serum separates blood proteins into major fractions to evaluate inflammatory, immune, and blood disorders. It is essential for diagnosing multiple myeloma and related conditions.

Protein Electrophoresis Serum with Reflex to IFE combines protein electrophoresis with automatic immunofixation when a monoclonal protein is detected. It streamlines the workup for monoclonal gammopathies.

This panel combines serum protein electrophoresis with reflex immunofixation and quantitative free kappa and lambda light chain testing. It provides comprehensive evaluation of monoclonal gammopathies.

Protein Electrophoresis, Urine separates urinary proteins into major fractions and detects abnormal patterns. It is used to evaluate proteinuria and detect monoclonal proteins.

Protein, Random Urine measures total protein in a random urine sample. It provides quick assessment of urinary protein loss.

Total Protein measures the combined amount of albumin and globulin in the blood. It is used to evaluate nutritional status, liver and kidney function, and disorders of the immune system.

Protein Total, Quantitative, 24-Hour Urine measures total urinary protein excretion over a full day. It provides the gold-standard quantitative assessment of proteinuria.

The Prothrombin Time (PT) test measures how long it takes for blood to clot via the extrinsic pathway of coagulation. It is most commonly used to monitor warfarin therapy and to evaluate bleeding disorders and liver function.

PSA Total + % Free measures both total PSA and the percentage of free PSA. This combination refines cancer risk assessment in patients with borderline PSA values.

The Psychoactive Agents - Synthetic Opioids panel detects newer synthetic opioids including fentanyl analogs and other emerging substances. These compounds are often missed by traditional opiate screens.

The Intact Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) test measures active PTH in the blood, the hormone that regulates calcium and phosphorus levels. It is essential for diagnosing parathyroid disorders and evaluating abnormalities of calcium metabolism.

The PTH with Calcium test measures parathyroid hormone and calcium together. This pairing provides immediate context for interpreting parathyroid function and calcium metabolism.

The PTT, Activated (APTT) test measures clotting time via the intrinsic pathway. It is used to monitor heparin therapy and evaluate bleeding disorders.

The qnrA, qnrB, qnrS gene panel detects plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in gram-negative bacteria. Detection identifies infections with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolone antibiotics.

The QuantiFERON-TB blood test screens for tuberculosis infection. It is a convenient and specific alternative to the traditional TB skin test, requiring only one visit.

The QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus is a blood test that screens for tuberculosis (TB) infection. It detects an immune response to TB-specific proteins and is a more convenient and specific alternative to the traditional TB skin test.

qnrA and qnrS detect specific plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes. Detection identifies bacterial infections with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolone antibiotics.

Quinolone Resistance Pentapeptide Repeat Protein qnrB detects this specific plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene. Detection identifies infections with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones.

The RPR Screen with Reflex to Titer screens for syphilis and automatically performs titer testing on positives. It supports diagnosis and treatment monitoring of syphilis.

Reflex to Micro indicates that microscopic examination has been added to a test based on initial findings. Most commonly, urinalysis is reflexed to microscopic examination when dipstick results suggest the need for more detailed evaluation.

The Renal Function Panel (RFP) is a group of blood tests focused on evaluating kidney function and the body's chemical balance. It assesses how well the kidneys are filtering waste and maintaining electrolytes and fluid balance.

Renin Activity measures the activity of renin, an enzyme that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. It is used to evaluate hypertension causes and certain endocrine disorders.

Renin (Plasma) measures the level of renin in the blood as part of evaluating blood pressure regulation and certain endocrine disorders.

The Respiratory Pathogen Panel uses molecular technology to detect multiple respiratory pathogens — both viruses and certain bacteria — from a single sample. It supports rapid diagnosis of respiratory infections.

The Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Direct DFA test detects RSV antigens in respiratory samples using fluorescent antibody techniques. It supports rapid diagnosis of RSV, a major cause of pediatric respiratory illness.

The Respiratory Virus Panel detects multiple respiratory viruses simultaneously using molecular methods. It rapidly identifies viral causes of respiratory illness.

The Reticulocyte Count measures the number of young, immature red blood cells in the bloodstream. It indicates how actively the bone marrow is producing new red blood cells and helps evaluate the cause of anemia.

Reverse T3 (rT3) Serum measures an alternative metabolic product of T4. It is occasionally used in evaluation of unusual thyroid function patterns, particularly in critical illness.

Rheumatoid Arthritis Factor (RF) is an antibody commonly found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The test supports evaluation of joint pain and suspected autoimmune disease.

The Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Profile combines multiple autoantibodies and markers used to diagnose and characterize rheumatoid arthritis. It supports earlier and more accurate diagnosis than single tests.

Rheumatoid Factor (RF) is an antibody often found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Measuring RF helps in the evaluation of joint pain and suspected autoimmune disease, though it is not specific to rheumatoid arthritis alone.

The Ribonuclear Protein (RNP) Antibody test detects autoantibodies that target the U1-RNP complex. It is most strongly associated with mixed connective tissue disease.

Risperidone and Metabolite, Serum or Plasma measures risperidone and its active metabolite paliperidone. Therapeutic drug monitoring can support optimal antipsychotic dosing.

The Rotavirus Antigen EIA detects rotavirus, a common cause of severe diarrhea in young children. Rapid identification supports diagnosis and infection control.

Routine Urinalysis evaluates urine through physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. It screens for kidney disease, urinary tract infections, diabetes, and other systemic conditions.

The Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test is a screening test for syphilis, a sexually transmitted bacterial infection. It detects antibodies the body produces in response to infection and is one of the most commonly used screening tools for syphilis.

SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies, Nucleocapsid detects antibodies against the nucleocapsid protein of the COVID-19 virus. Because nucleocapsid antibodies develop only from infection (not vaccination), the test distinguishes natural infection from vaccine immunity.

Scabies Examination involves microscopic identification of scabies mites, eggs, or fecal pellets from skin scrapings. It confirms diagnosis of scabies, a common skin infestation.

The Westergren Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is a simple test that measures inflammation. It is used to detect and monitor inflammatory and autoimmune conditions and certain infections.

Selenium, Serum or Plasma measures selenium, an essential trace mineral. The test evaluates deficiency, toxicity, and supplementation.

Serotonin (Serum) measures circulating serotonin, primarily reflecting platelet stores. It is used to evaluate suspected carcinoid syndrome and certain other neuroendocrine tumors.

The Serum Drug Screen with Reflex performs initial drug screening on blood with automatic reflex confirmation of positives. It is used in clinical toxicology and emergency settings.

Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) is a protein that binds sex hormones in the blood, affecting how much hormone is biologically available. Measuring SHBG helps refine interpretation of testosterone and estrogen levels.

The Sm (Smith) Antibody test detects autoantibodies highly specific for systemic lupus erythematosus. While not present in all lupus patients, when positive it strongly supports the diagnosis.

Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance, blood pressure, and nerve and muscle function. Measuring sodium in the blood is critical for evaluating hydration, kidney function, and many acute illnesses.

Sodium and Potassium, Urine measures both electrolytes in urine. The combination helps evaluate causes of electrolyte abnormalities, kidney function, and hormonal disorders affecting fluid balance.

Sodium, Random Urine measures urinary sodium excretion. It helps evaluate fluid balance, volume status, and certain electrolyte disorders.

A Specimen Rejected (Blood) notification indicates that a submitted blood sample could not be tested due to quality, identification, or volume issues. The notification explains the reason and what needs to happen next.

The Specimen Status Report provides current information on the processing status of a submitted sample. It allows providers and patients to track where a sample is in the testing workflow.

The SSA Antibody (anti-Ro) test detects autoantibodies associated with Sjögren syndrome, lupus, and certain other autoimmune diseases. It is also important during pregnancy due to risks to the fetal heart.

The SSB Antibody (anti-La) test detects autoantibodies associated with Sjögren syndrome and lupus. It is most often elevated alongside SSA antibodies and supports autoimmune disease diagnosis.

Stool Culture identifies bacteria causing intestinal infections. It is used to diagnose foodborne illness, travel-related diarrhea, and other significant gastrointestinal infections.

The blaIMP gene encodes imipenemase, a metallo-beta-lactamase that confers resistance to carbapenems and most other beta-lactam antibiotics. Detection identifies highly resistant infections.

SUL1 and SUL2 are genes encoding sulfonamide-resistant dihydropteroate synthase. Detection identifies bacteria resistant to sulfonamide antibiotics including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Sulfonamide-Resistant Dihydropteroate Synthase (sul1, sul2) detects genes that confer resistance to sulfonamide antibiotics. Detection guides antibiotic selection when sulfa drugs would be ineffective.

T3 Uptake is an older test that estimates available thyroid hormone-binding sites on serum proteins. It was historically used to calculate the free thyroxine index but has been largely replaced by direct free T4 measurement.

T4F refers to free T4 (free thyroxine), the biologically active fraction of thyroxine in the blood. It is essential for accurate thyroid function assessment.

Tacrolimus (FK506) is an immunosuppressant used after organ transplant. Measuring blood levels is essential for preventing rejection while minimizing toxicity.

Tacrolimus Whole Blood measures the level of the immunosuppressant tacrolimus in transplant patients. Whole blood — rather than serum — is used because tacrolimus is primarily in red blood cells.

Tapentadol by LC-MS/MS detects tapentadol, a centrally acting analgesic used for moderate to severe pain. The test supports pain management compliance monitoring.

The Testosterone test measures the level of testosterone, the main male sex hormone also present in smaller amounts in women. It is used to evaluate sexual function, fertility, and various hormonal disorders.

The Testosterone Free and Total test measures both total testosterone and its biologically active free fraction. The combination provides the most accurate assessment of testosterone status.

The Free Testosterone (Direct) test measures the unbound, biologically active form of testosterone in the blood. This measurement is especially useful when conditions that alter binding proteins make total testosterone harder to interpret.

Testosterone Free Direct with Total Testosterone measures total testosterone and directly measures the free, biologically active fraction. It provides accurate testosterone assessment in patients where calculated free testosterone may be unreliable.

The Total Testosterone test measures the total amount of testosterone in the blood, including both bound and unbound forms. It is the standard first-line test for evaluating testosterone deficiency in men and excess androgens in women.

TetM and TetS genes encode ribosomal protection proteins that confer resistance to tetracycline antibiotics. Detection identifies bacterial infections resistant to tetracyclines.

Tetracycline Resistance Genes tet(A), tet(B), tet(S) detects multiple mechanisms of bacterial resistance to tetracycline antibiotics. Detection guides antibiotic selection.

Tetracycline Resistance Ribosomal Protection Protein tet(M) detects this gene that confers resistance to tetracyclines through ribosomal protection. Detection identifies resistant infections.

THC in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects active THC in saliva, indicating very recent cannabis use. Oral fluid testing detects more recent use than urine.

THC Metabolite, Serum/Plasma Quantitative measures the inactive THC metabolite (THC-COOH) in blood. It indicates past cannabis use but does not reflect current impairment.

The Theophylline test measures serum levels of this bronchodilator medication used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Monitoring is essential due to its narrow therapeutic range.

Thyroglobulin Antibody detects autoantibodies against thyroglobulin, a protein produced by the thyroid gland. The test helps diagnose autoimmune thyroid disease and is important when monitoring patients after thyroid cancer treatment.

The Thyroid Antibodies test detects autoantibodies associated with autoimmune thyroid disease, typically including TPO and thyroglobulin antibodies. It helps identify the cause of thyroid dysfunction.

The Thyroid Antibody (TA and TPO) Panel measures both thyroglobulin antibodies and thyroid peroxidase antibodies. Together they provide a comprehensive evaluation of autoimmune thyroid disease.

The Thyroid Cascade Profile is a reflex testing strategy that starts with TSH and adds additional thyroid tests automatically based on the initial result. It provides efficient comprehensive thyroid assessment without unnecessary testing.

The Thyroid Panel 3 is a focused set of thyroid tests that typically includes TSH, T3, and T4, providing core information about thyroid function.

The Thyroid Panel 4 expands standard thyroid testing to include four key markers, typically TSH, T3, T4, and free T4. It offers a more complete picture of thyroid function than a three-test panel.

Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) Antibodies are autoantibodies that target an enzyme essential for thyroid hormone production. Elevated TPO antibodies are the hallmark of autoimmune thyroid disease, particularly Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

The Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) Antibody test detects autoantibodies against an enzyme central to thyroid hormone production. Elevated TPO antibody confirms autoimmune thyroid disease such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

The Thyroid Profile with TSH is a comprehensive evaluation of thyroid function that typically includes TSH, T3, T4, and related markers. It provides a thorough picture of thyroid health and helps diagnose hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and other thyroid disorders.

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is produced by the pituitary gland and regulates the thyroid. The TSH test is the most sensitive first-line screen for thyroid dysfunction and the standard test for diagnosing thyroid disease.

Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulin (TSI) is an antibody that activates the TSH receptor on the thyroid gland, causing it to overproduce hormones. Measuring TSI is used to diagnose and manage Graves disease.

Thyrotropin Receptor Antibody (TRAb), Serum detects autoantibodies against the TSH receptor on thyroid cells. It is the most specific test for diagnosing Graves disease, the most common cause of hyperthyroidism.

Thyroxine-Binding Globulin (TBG) is the main protein that carries thyroid hormones in the blood. Measuring TBG helps interpret unusual thyroid function results and diagnose inherited TBG abnormalities.

Thyroxine (T4) is the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Measuring T4 helps evaluate thyroid function and is used to diagnose and monitor hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and related conditions.

The Thyroxine (T4) Free Direct test measures the biologically active, unbound form of T4 in the blood. Free T4 is the most accurate measure of available thyroid hormone for tissues.

Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody IgA (tTG-IgA) is the primary blood test for screening and diagnosing celiac disease. It detects autoantibodies produced when patients with celiac disease consume gluten.

Tobramycin Trough measures the lowest tobramycin level of the dosing interval. It is used to ensure safe and effective dosing of this aminoglycoside antibiotic.

Topiramate is an antiseizure medication also used for migraine prevention and certain mood disorders. Serum or plasma level testing can support dose optimization in select cases.

Toxicologist Review involves expert interpretation of complex toxicology results by a board-certified toxicologist. It provides clinical context and forensic-quality interpretation for difficult cases.

Tramadol and Metabolites by LC-MS/MS detects tramadol and its active metabolites (M1/O-desmethyltramadol) in urine. It supports pain management monitoring.

Tramadol Confirmation (LabCorp MedWatch) provides definitive identification of tramadol following positive screening. It is used in workplace and forensic drug testing.

Tramadol in Oral Fluid by LC-MS/MS detects tramadol in saliva. Oral fluid testing reflects recent use under directly observed collection.

Transferrin is the protein that transports iron in the blood. Measuring transferrin helps evaluate iron status, anemia, and certain liver and inflammatory conditions.

The Treponema pallidum (VDRL) Serum with Reflex to Titer screens for syphilis with automatic titer testing on positive results. It supports diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

Tricyclic Antidepressant Confirmation definitively identifies specific tricyclic antidepressants following positive screening. It is used in clinical toxicology and forensic testing.

Tricyclic Antidepressants by LC-MS/MS detects tricyclic medications and their metabolites with high specificity. It is used for therapeutic monitoring and to evaluate toxicity.

Triiodothyronine (T3) is the most active form of thyroid hormone at the tissue level. Measuring total T3 helps evaluate hyperthyroidism and assess overall thyroid hormone status.

Triiodothyronine (T3) Free measures the biologically active free fraction of T3 in the blood. It is particularly useful in evaluating hyperthyroidism and certain unusual thyroid conditions.

This panel detects additional trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase genes (dfrA14, dfrB1, dfrB5, dfrG). Detection identifies bacteria resistant to trimethoprim antibiotics.

This panel detects trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase genes (dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA12, dfrA17). Detection identifies bacteria resistant to trimethoprim, commonly used in trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy.

Troponin is a protein released into the blood when heart muscle is damaged. Measuring troponin is the most specific and sensitive blood test for diagnosing heart attack and other forms of cardiac injury.

High-Sensitivity Troponin T detects even very small amounts of cardiac muscle injury. It is the most sensitive blood test for diagnosing heart attack and assessing cardiac risk.

Tryptase is an enzyme released by mast cells during allergic reactions and in certain disorders of mast cell biology. Measuring tryptase helps diagnose anaphylaxis and mast cell disorders.

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is produced by the pituitary gland and regulates the thyroid. The TSH test is the most sensitive first-line test for evaluating thyroid function and is widely used to screen for thyroid disorders.

The TSH with Reflex to Free T4 test starts with a TSH measurement and automatically adds a Free T4 test only if the TSH result is abnormal. This efficient approach provides full thyroid information when needed while controlling costs for normal results.

Urinalysis with Microscopic with Reflex Culture Routine combines urinalysis with automatic urine culture when infection is suspected. It streamlines UTI evaluation in a single workflow.

Upper Respiratory Culture Routine identifies bacteria from the nose, throat, or sinuses. It is used to diagnose specific bacterial respiratory infections including sinusitis, otitis, and certain forms of pharyngitis.

The Upper Respiratory Panel detects multiple pathogens that cause upper respiratory infections. It supports rapid diagnosis to guide treatment of common respiratory illnesses.

Urea Nitrogen, also known as BUN, measures the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes from urea. It is used to evaluate kidney function and hydration status.

Uric Acid is a waste product formed when the body breaks down purines. Measuring uric acid in the blood helps diagnose and monitor gout, kidney stones, and certain other conditions that affect uric acid metabolism.

The Urinalysis with Reflex to Culture combines a complete urinalysis with automatic urine culture if signs of infection are present. This efficient workflow ensures that suspected urinary tract infections are quickly identified and the responsible organism cultured.

Routine Urinalysis evaluates urine by physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. It provides a quick, low-cost screen for kidney disease, urinary tract infection, diabetes, and other systemic conditions.

Urinalysis with Microscopic combines chemical dipstick testing with microscopic examination of urine sediment. It provides a more thorough evaluation than dipstick alone.

Urinalysis with Microscopic with Reflex to Culture combines a complete urinalysis with automatic urine culture if signs of infection appear. This workflow streamlines UTI evaluation.

The Comprehensive Urine Culture identifies bacteria growing in a urine sample and determines which antibiotics are effective against them. This expanded culture is used when standard testing is inadequate or in patients with complex urinary tract conditions.

Urine Culture Routine identifies bacteria in urine and determines which antibiotics will be effective. It is the standard test for diagnosing routine urinary tract infections.

Urine Cytology examines urine for abnormal cells, particularly cancer cells. It is used in evaluation of suspected bladder and urinary tract cancers.

USDTL Amphetamine Confirmation definitively identifies amphetamine-class drugs in samples processed by USDTL. It is used in workplace and legal testing applications.

USDTL Cannabinoid Confirmation definitively identifies cannabis use following positive screening. It is used in workplace and legal testing requiring documented results.

The UTI Panel uses molecular (PCR) technology to rapidly detect the most common bacterial causes of urinary tract infections. It often identifies pathogens that traditional culture may miss, including in patients with complex or recurrent infections.

The Valproic Acid test measures blood levels of this medication used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and migraine prevention. Therapeutic drug monitoring ensures effective treatment.

The Valproic Acid test measures blood levels of this widely used medication for epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and migraine prevention. Therapeutic drug monitoring ensures effective treatment while reducing the risk of side effects.

The VanA, VanB, VanC test detects vancomycin resistance genes in Enterococcus species. Detection identifies vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), important for treatment and infection control.

Vancomycin Serum Trough measures the lowest vancomycin concentration of the dosing interval. Trough monitoring is the standard approach for optimizing vancomycin therapy.

Vancomycin Trough measures the level of vancomycin just before the next scheduled dose. It is used to optimize antibiotic dosing for serious infections like MRSA.

Venipuncture is the standard procedure for drawing blood from a vein, used for nearly all blood tests. Skilled venipuncture ensures patient comfort, sample quality, and accurate test results.

The Rapid Influenza A and B Viral Culture detects influenza viruses by growing them in cell culture with rapid identification techniques. It supports diagnosis of influenza when molecular or antigen testing is unavailable or inconclusive.

Vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and cell growth. Measuring vitamin A helps diagnose deficiency, monitor supplementation, and evaluate toxicity.

The Vitamin A, Serum or Plasma test measures vitamin A (retinol) levels in the blood. It is used to evaluate deficiency, monitor supplementation, and assess possible toxicity.

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is essential for red blood cell formation, nerve function, and DNA synthesis. Measuring B12 helps diagnose deficiency, which can cause anemia and serious neurological problems.

The Vitamin B12 and Folate test measures levels of two essential B vitamins critical for red blood cell production, nerve function, and DNA synthesis. Deficiencies can cause anemia, neurological symptoms, and other significant health problems.

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Whole Blood measures thiamine status, an essential B vitamin involved in energy metabolism. Deficiency can cause serious neurological and cardiac problems.

Vitamin B1 Whole Blood measures thiamine, an essential vitamin for energy metabolism and nerve function. The whole blood assay provides accurate assessment of thiamine status.

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxal phosphate) is essential for protein metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and red blood cell production. Measuring B6 helps evaluate deficiency and toxicity.

The 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D test measures the main circulating form of vitamin D in the blood, providing the best assessment of overall vitamin D status. It is used to diagnose deficiency that can affect bone health, immune function, and overall well-being.

The Wound Panel uses molecular (PCR) testing to rapidly identify bacteria, fungi, and antibiotic resistance markers in wound infections. It provides faster, more comprehensive results than traditional culture, supporting more targeted treatment.

Xylazine and Metabolite by LC-MS/MS detects xylazine, a veterinary sedative increasingly found contaminating illicit drug supplies. Its detection is important for clinical and forensic toxicology.

Zinc, RBC measures zinc inside red blood cells, providing a more accurate assessment of zinc status than serum testing in some situations. It is used to evaluate suspected zinc deficiency.

Zinc, Serum or Plasma measures zinc, an essential trace mineral. The test evaluates deficiency and toxicity affecting immune function, growth, and many other body systems.

Ziprasidone Serum or Plasma measures levels of this atypical antipsychotic medication. Therapeutic drug monitoring can be useful in selected clinical situations.

ZnT8 Antibodies are autoantibodies associated with type 1 diabetes. They are part of the diagnostic workup for distinguishing type 1 from type 2 diabetes and identifying autoimmune diabetes.

Zolpidem by LC-MS/MS detects zolpidem (Ambien) and its metabolites in urine. It is used in pain management compliance monitoring and forensic toxicology.

Zonisamide-SRL is a therapeutic drug monitoring test for zonisamide, an antiseizure medication. The test supports dose optimization in selected clinical situations.