Normal plasma cells produce balanced amounts of kappa and lambda light chains. In malignant plasma cell disorders, one type often dominates, producing an abnormal kappa-to-lambda ratio. Free light chain testing is more sensitive than electrophoresis for detecting light chain-only myeloma and AL amyloidosis.
This test is used in the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple myeloma, light chain amyloidosis, monoclonal gammopathies, and certain kidney diseases. The kappa/lambda ratio is the most informative single value. Sample type is serum.
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