Lactate is produced when tissues lack adequate oxygen for normal aerobic metabolism. Elevated lactate is a strong predictor of poor outcome in critically ill patients and serves as a key marker of sepsis severity, shock, and tissue hypoxia. It can also be elevated in less acute conditions like liver disease, certain medications (such as metformin), and inherited metabolic disorders.
This test is used in evaluation of suspected sepsis and shock, monitoring response to resuscitation in critically ill patients, evaluation of unexplained acidosis, and certain pediatric metabolic workups. Sample handling matters — samples should be transported on ice and processed quickly to prevent falsely elevated results. Sample type is plasma.
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