Urinary protein electrophoresis separates proteins, while immunofixation identifies any monoclonal components. A 24-hour collection provides the most accurate quantitative assessment and is essential for evaluating light chain disorders, where free light chains (Bence Jones proteins) appear in urine.
This test is used in evaluation of suspected multiple myeloma, AL amyloidosis, monoclonal gammopathy, and certain kidney diseases. The combination with 24-hour collection allows precise quantification of any monoclonal protein excretion. Sample type is a 24-hour urine collection.