Most thiamine in the body is located within red blood cells, making whole blood — rather than serum or plasma — the most accurate sample for measurement. Deficiency causes beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and may present with cardiac, neurological, or cognitive symptoms.
This test is used to confirm thiamine deficiency in patients with relevant symptoms or risk factors, including chronic alcohol use, malnutrition, malabsorption, prolonged vomiting, and certain surgical or medical conditions. Sample type is whole blood in an EDTA tube.
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