AFP is a protein produced in large amounts during fetal development and falls to very low levels after birth. Elevated AFP in adults is most often associated with primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) and germ cell tumors, though benign liver conditions like cirrhosis and hepatitis can also cause increases.
This test is used for surveillance in high-risk groups such as patients with chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or cirrhosis, monitoring of patients with known liver or germ cell tumors, and as part of treatment response and recurrence assessment. AFP trends over time are typically more informative than a single value. Sample type is serum.
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