Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT or PCR) detects the toxin gene of C. difficile with high sensitivity. Because it detects the gene (rather than active toxin production), it can identify both infections and asymptomatic colonization. For this reason, testing is typically restricted to patients with unformed stool and clinical symptoms.
This test is used in patients with significant diarrhea, particularly with recent antibiotic exposure or hospitalization. Rapid results support timely treatment with appropriate antibiotics like vancomycin or fidaxomicin and infection control measures. Sample type is unformed stool.
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