Healthy kidneys filter waste products while retaining proteins like albumin in the bloodstream. Small amounts of albumin leaking into urine — too low to be detected by a standard dipstick — can be the earliest sign of kidney damage, particularly in diabetes and hypertension. Comparing albumin to creatinine corrects for variations in urine concentration on a random sample.
This test is recommended annually for people with diabetes and is also used to screen patients with hypertension, monitor known kidney disease, and assess kidney involvement in conditions like preeclampsia. Persistently elevated ratios warrant further evaluation and may guide treatments aimed at protecting kidney function. Sample type is a random (spot) urine collection.
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