Streptolysin O is one of the toxins produced by Group A Streptococcus, and the body produces antibodies against it after infection. ASO levels rise within 1-3 weeks of infection, peak at 3-5 weeks, and gradually fall over months. Elevated levels indicate recent strep infection.
This test is ordered when post-streptococcal complications are suspected, including acute rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Because ASO may be normal in some patients (especially with skin infections), it is often tested with anti-DNase B for improved sensitivity. Sample type is serum.
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