Iron is essential for red blood cell production and oxygen transport. Most circulating iron is bound to the transport protein transferrin. Iron levels fluctuate throughout the day, so serum iron alone provides limited information — it is typically interpreted alongside total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation, and ferritin.
This test is used to evaluate suspected iron deficiency or iron overload, investigate anemia, monitor iron supplementation, and screen for hereditary hemochromatosis. Morning samples are preferred because iron naturally peaks in the morning and falls throughout the day. Sample type is serum.
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