Nucleic acid amplification tests (also called PCR or NAAT) detect viral RNA in respiratory samples and remain the diagnostic standard for COVID-19. They are more sensitive than rapid antigen tests, especially early in infection or when viral loads are low.
This test is used to diagnose symptomatic COVID-19, evaluate exposures, screen before certain procedures, and clear patients from isolation in specific situations. Results may take longer than antigen tests but offer greater accuracy. Sample type is typically a nasopharyngeal or nasal swab.