Vitamin A (retinol) is critical for normal vision, immune defense, and skin and mucous membrane health. Deficiency can cause night blindness, immune impairment, and dry skin and eyes; excess can cause toxicity with headache, liver injury, and birth defects.
This test is used to evaluate suspected deficiency in patients with malabsorption (such as cystic fibrosis or chronic liver disease), vegetarians or vegans with limited intake, and patients with characteristic visual or skin symptoms. It is also used to investigate possible toxicity from supplements or certain medications. Sample type is serum.