HBsAg is a protein on the surface of the hepatitis B virus and is the first detectable marker of infection — appearing in the blood before symptoms develop. Persistent positivity for more than six months indicates chronic infection, while clearance generally indicates resolution of acute infection.
This test is used to diagnose acute and chronic hepatitis B, screen pregnant women (to prevent transmission to newborns), assess blood and organ donors, evaluate patients before immunosuppressive therapy, and screen high-risk populations. Positive results are typically followed up with additional hepatitis B markers to determine infection status and infectivity. Sample type is serum.
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