Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes) is the most common bacterial cause of pharyngitis and also causes a range of other infections, from impetigo and cellulitis to severe invasive disease. Culture from a throat swab remains the diagnostic gold standard, particularly when rapid antigen testing is negative in symptomatic children.
This test is ordered to confirm or rule out strep throat in symptomatic patients with negative rapid testing, evaluate severe or complicated pharyngitis, investigate suspected scarlet fever, and follow up post-streptococcal complications. Susceptibility testing is rarely needed since Group A Strep remains uniformly sensitive to penicillin. Sample type is a throat swab.
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