Stool cultures use selective media to identify enteric pathogens while suppressing the growth of normal gut bacteria. The most commonly identified pathogens include Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, and certain pathogenic E. coli strains. Additional testing may be requested for organisms such as Yersinia or Vibrio depending on clinical risk factors.
This test is ordered for patients with significant or prolonged diarrhea, bloody stools, fever, recent travel, suspected food poisoning, or outbreak investigations. Susceptibility testing on positive cultures helps guide antibiotic therapy when indicated. Sample type is a stool specimen in appropriate transport media.