Albumin and globulin are the two main types of protein in the blood. Albumin is made by the liver and helps maintain blood volume, while globulins include antibodies and transport proteins. Low total protein can result from malnutrition, liver disease, or significant kidney protein loss; high total protein may reflect chronic inflammation, infection, or certain blood disorders such as multiple myeloma.
This test is included in comprehensive metabolic panels and is also used to evaluate unexplained weight loss, edema, or fatigue. When abnormal, protein electrophoresis can break down the specific proteins involved to identify the underlying cause. Sample type is serum.
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