HSV-1 traditionally causes oral herpes (cold sores) but is increasingly a cause of genital infection, while HSV-2 is the more common cause of recurrent genital herpes. Type-specific IgG antibodies indicate past infection and help distinguish between the two viruses, which is important because genital HSV-2 has more frequent recurrences than genital HSV-1.
This test is used to evaluate patients with suspected herpes infection (especially when lesions are not present for direct testing), assess sexual partners, screen during pregnancy in certain situations, and evaluate patients with recurrent symptoms of unknown cause. Sample type is serum.