Anti-dsDNA antibodies are highly specific for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), although they are not present in all lupus patients. Levels often correlate with disease activity, particularly with lupus nephritis (kidney involvement). Rising titers can precede flares.
This test is used to confirm the diagnosis of lupus when ANA is positive and clinical features fit, monitor disease activity over time, and assess risk of lupus nephritis. Results are typically interpreted alongside other autoimmune markers, complement levels, and clinical and laboratory measures of disease activity. Sample type is serum.
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