Tetracycline resistance occurs through several mechanisms. tet(A) and tet(B) encode efflux pumps that actively remove tetracycline from bacterial cells, while tet(S) encodes a ribosomal protection protein. These genes are common in various gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
Detection of these genes in molecular susceptibility testing identifies tetracycline-resistant infections and supports selection of alternative antibiotics. Sample type is typically a culture isolate or direct clinical specimen.
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