TPO antibodies target thyroid tissue and disrupt hormone synthesis. Their presence supports a diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease — most commonly Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is the leading cause of hypothyroidism. They are also seen in Graves disease and other autoimmune disorders.
This test is ordered to evaluate the cause of abnormal thyroid function, predict progression to overt hypothyroidism in patients with subclinical disease, assess risk of postpartum thyroiditis, and contribute to evaluation of unexplained miscarriage or infertility. Sample type is serum.