Transferrin carries iron from sites of absorption and storage to tissues that need it, such as the bone marrow. Levels rise in iron deficiency (as the body tries to capture available iron) and fall in iron overload, chronic disease, and significant liver dysfunction.
This test is used to evaluate iron deficiency anemia (where transferrin is typically high while iron is low), distinguish anemia of chronic disease from iron deficiency, screen for iron overload, and assess nutritional and liver function. Transferrin saturation — the proportion of transferrin binding sites filled with iron — provides additional information. Sample type is serum.
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