Benzodiazepines vary widely in chemical structure, and immunoassay screens miss many compounds — particularly clonazepam, lorazepam, and newer designer benzodiazepines. LC-MS/MS detects a much wider range of compounds with high specificity, including alprazolam, diazepam, lorazepam, clonazepam, midazolam, and metabolites.
This test is used to confirm presumptive screens, monitor patients on prescribed benzodiazepines, identify specific compounds in mixed-substance use, evaluate suspected drug misuse, and meet medico-legal requirements. Detection windows vary — short-acting agents are detectable 1-3 days; longer-acting compounds may be detectable for a week or more. Sample type is urine.