Phenobarbital is used to treat seizures (particularly in children and in emergency settings) and has been a mainstay of epilepsy treatment for over a century. Its long half-life allows once-daily dosing, but the narrow therapeutic range and risks of sedation, cognitive effects, and drug interactions require careful monitoring.
This test is ordered to confirm therapeutic levels, evaluate suspected toxicity, assess medication adherence, and adjust dosing during treatment changes. Trough levels (just before the next scheduled dose) are typically preferred. Sample type is serum.
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