CTX-M is now the most common ESBL family worldwide, found primarily in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species. CTX-M-producing organisms are resistant to most penicillins and cephalosporins, including third-generation agents like ceftriaxone, making infections difficult to treat with standard antibiotics.
Detecting blaCTX-M is a key part of molecular susceptibility testing for serious gram-negative infections, particularly bloodstream, urinary tract, and intra-abdominal infections. Identification guides use of carbapenems or other effective alternatives and triggers infection control precautions. Sample type is typically a culture isolate or direct specimen.
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