ADH is produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland to help the kidneys retain water. Abnormal ADH levels can cause significant fluid and electrolyte disturbances — too little leads to diabetes insipidus (excessive urination), while too much causes the syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH, leading to hyponatremia).
This test is used to evaluate excessive thirst and urination, unexplained low sodium, and suspected pituitary disorders. Results are interpreted alongside serum and urine osmolality, sodium, and fluid status, since ADH alone has limited diagnostic value without clinical context. Sample type is plasma collected on ice with careful handling.