When serum protein electrophoresis identifies a possible monoclonal protein, immunofixation (IFE) is performed automatically to characterize the M-protein. Free kappa and lambda light chains with their ratio further refine assessment of plasma cell disorders, sometimes detecting abnormalities not visible on electrophoresis alone.
This combined approach is used in initial evaluation and monitoring of multiple myeloma, AL amyloidosis, MGUS, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, and related disorders. Sample type is serum.
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