H. pylori is a major cause of peptic ulcer disease and chronic gastritis and is also a risk factor for stomach cancer. IgG antibody testing detects past or current infection, but does not distinguish between active infection and prior, treated infection — antibodies can persist for years after the bacteria are eliminated.
This test is used for initial evaluation when H. pylori infection is suspected, though urea breath testing, stool antigen testing, or endoscopic biopsy is generally preferred for confirming active infection and assessing treatment response. Sample type is serum.
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