Insulin is the hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar by enabling glucose uptake into cells. Fasting measurement provides the clearest picture of baseline insulin secretion, before food intake influences levels.
This test is used to assess insulin resistance — often together with fasting glucose to calculate the HOMA-IR index — evaluate prediabetes risk in patients with metabolic syndrome or polycystic ovary syndrome, investigate unexplained hypoglycemia, and assist in diagnosing rare insulin-producing tumors (insulinomas). Patients should fast for 8-12 hours, taking only water, before the blood draw. Sample type is serum.
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