When the pancreas produces insulin, it releases an equal amount of C-peptide. Injected insulin contains no C-peptide. Measuring both together allows clinicians to determine whether elevated insulin is from the patient's own pancreas or from injected insulin.
This test is used to distinguish endogenous from exogenous insulin in hypoglycemia workup, evaluate suspected insulinoma (insulin-secreting tumor), distinguish type 1 from type 2 diabetes, and investigate cases of suspected surreptitious insulin use. It is typically interpreted with simultaneous glucose levels. Sample type is serum.
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