Serotonin is primarily produced in the gut, with most circulating serotonin stored in platelets. Carcinoid tumors and other neuroendocrine tumors can produce excess serotonin, causing flushing, diarrhea, and other carcinoid syndrome symptoms. Twenty-four-hour urine 5-HIAA (a serotonin metabolite) is generally a more sensitive test, but serum serotonin is sometimes useful.
This test is used in evaluating carcinoid syndrome and other neuroendocrine tumors. Patients must avoid serotonin-rich foods (such as bananas, walnuts, pineapples, and avocados) for 72 hours before testing to avoid false elevations. Sample type is serum.
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