Anti-mitochondrial antibodies, particularly the M2 subtype, are present in over 90% of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), an autoimmune disease that destroys small bile ducts in the liver. The disease typically affects middle-aged women and can progress to cirrhosis without treatment.
This test is ordered to evaluate cholestatic liver disease (elevated alkaline phosphatase, fatigue, itching), particularly in women. A positive AMA-M2 with characteristic liver test abnormalities strongly supports the diagnosis, often without need for liver biopsy. Sample type is serum.
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