RF is an autoantibody that can be elevated in rheumatoid arthritis but also in other autoimmune conditions, chronic infections, certain cancers, and even healthy older adults. A negative RF does not rule out rheumatoid arthritis, and a positive result must be interpreted with the clinical picture.
This test is ordered to help evaluate patients with joint pain, stiffness, or swelling and suspected inflammatory arthritis. Anti-CCP (cyclic citrullinated peptide) antibody is often tested alongside RF, as it is more specific for rheumatoid arthritis. Sample type is serum.