This Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) measures the immune system's response to proteins specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Unlike the older tuberculin skin test, it is not affected by prior BCG vaccination and requires only a single visit rather than the two needed for skin testing.
The test is used to screen for latent TB infection in health care workers, immigrants, household contacts of TB cases, immunocompromised patients, and individuals starting immunosuppressive therapy. A positive result indicates TB infection but does not distinguish between latent and active disease — clinical evaluation and additional testing such as chest imaging are required. Sample type is whole blood collected in special QuantiFERON tubes.