Potassium is the major intracellular electrolyte, but the small amount in the bloodstream must be tightly regulated. Both low (hypokalemia) and high (hyperkalemia) potassium can cause dangerous cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and other serious symptoms.
This test is part of routine metabolic and electrolyte panels and is used to monitor patients on diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and potassium supplements; evaluate kidney function; assess heart rhythm disturbances; and investigate muscle weakness or cramping. Sample handling matters — hemolysis can falsely raise potassium. Sample type is serum or plasma.
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